Як правильно топити твердопаливний котел

What and how to properly heat a solid fuel boiler is necessary for all owners to know. After all, the efficiency of the boiler, its service life, fuel consumption, etc. will depend on compliance with these simple rules. The process of using the boiler consists of several stages and depends on its model.

How to properly heat a solid fuel boiler

The whole process can be divided into 3 stages:

selection and preparation of fuel suitable for a particular boiler;heating up the system;
1. ignition and switching to automatic operation.

The use of solid fuel boilers has its own operating features:

the need to constantly check the temperature inside the system; the need for proper fuel selection;the need to maintain the equipment and its individual parts.

If an unpleasant odor appears at the very first startup, this does not indicate a malfunction. This is due to the fact that at the production stage, the boiler body is covered with a special enamel, which at first will gradually burn out, emitting a specific odor. Therefore, the first start-up should be carried out in a well-ventilated area at maximum power for at least 1 hour.

Fuel choice and nuances when using

Most boilers can operate on:

wood;lignite;
• lignite
• peat briquettes;
brown coal;anthracite;granules.

Each type of fuel is different in calories, so the efficiency of the device with them will be different. The best way to heat the boiler is usually indicated in the manufacturer's instructions. It is recommended to adhere to these requirements using the recommended type of fuel as the main one.

The choice of a specific type of fuel depends on the brand of the boiler, its design, the characteristics of the heating system in the house and the area where the heated building is located.

How to heat a boiler with coal?

The primary ignition is carried out using wood chips, which are laid on paper. When preparing the chamber, several logs are placed on the chips, the diameter of which does not exceed 15 cm.

Next, the paper is set on fire, the door is closed with the blower opening. This is necessary to ensure traction and normal combustion. The slide valve opens slightly while the ignition is taking place.

After about 20-25 minutes of active combustion, the equipment becomes sufficiently warm. After that, you can add coal. After that, the blower closes, with the simultaneous opening of the gate valve.

What is the best way to heat a boiler with coal? Raw materials must be laid in small portions. Initially, the amount should not exceed 6 cm. The next batch can reach 20 cm. It is important to completely close the blower before each new batch of raw materials.

What kind of coal is better to heat the boiler? Anthracite is considered the best, due to its minimal ash content and high calorie content.

How to heat a solid fuel boiler with briquettes?

The burning time of such material is 2 times longer than the burning time of firewood. The technique of its use resembles the use of coal.

Initially, the chamber is heated using wood chips or crushed briquettes. After they are burned, the first layer is laid out - no more than 15 cm. After — maximum 20 cm.

How to properly heat a boiler with peat briquettes?

Peat briquettes can be ignited by the top method. The briquettes are laid on the bottom of the chamber, several layers of chips, paper or dry small firewood are placed on top, which are set on fire. After about 60 minutes, the layer of briquettes laid on top is set on fire.

How to extend the boiler's operation from one load?

Experts advise following some tips:

Firewood consumption will be minimal if you use only dry wood. When wet, its energy content decreases.
1. Briquettes are made of wood, peat and straw. It is better to choose those that are made by pressing. The use of peat is accompanied by the release of hazardous particles into the atmosphere. Therefore, it is not advised to do this in densely populated areas.
2. If there is no automation in the boiler, it is recommended to place large logs along the edges of the firebox and small ones in the center. This is due to the fact that when this type of fuel is ignited, a lot of smoke can be emitted.
3. For anthracite to burn completely, a massive fire is necessary. Therefore, it is advised to sift out large coal particles that remain after the fuel burns out and reuse them.

Block of questions and answers on the topic

What kind of firewood is better to heat the boiler? Wood is conventionally divided into deciduous and coniferous. Deciduous trees include birch, alder, acacia, oak, poplar. Less commonly used are fruit trees, ash, maple. Acacia, oak and birch wood are considered the best. Conifers include spruce and pine. Such wood burns well, but very quickly. At the same time, the burning of needles produces a significant amount of smoke and resins that settle on the surface of the chimney and other parts of the unit.

Is it possible to heat a conventional TT boiler with pellets? - It is permissible to do this. In a boiler with a grate system, this reduces the size of the grate gap.

Is it possible to heat the boiler with coke? - No, this cannot be done.

Can pellet boilers be heated with firewood? - This can only be done after removing the pellet module and disabling the automatic pellet feeding system.

Can I heat a solid fuel boiler without water? - Boilers equipped with a built-in heat exchanger cannot be heated without water.

Is it possible to heat a chipboard boiler? - Chipboard can quickly catch fire without the use of special means. But it is not advisable to use it, since its price is quite high and it is intended for other purposes.

Is it possible to heat the boiler with pine firewood? - This should not be done for several reasons. First, it is not economical, since the heat transfer of this type of wood is minimal. At the same time, it releases resins that can be dangerous for the operation of mechanisms and lead to boiler breakdown.

Is it possible to heat the boiler with cones? - You can do this, but you need a lot of them for heating, since they burn quickly. At the same time, they still emit a lot of smoke and resins, so you will have to clean the chimney often.

Is it better to heat the boiler with wood or coal? - The main difference between these materials is calorie content. Coal has a higher rate, so its consumption is more economical.